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mod_rest/README.markdown

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mod_rest/README.markdown @ 4119:559ca8d93302

mod_invites_register_web: Also add ip to user-registered
author Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
date Mon, 14 Sep 2020 14:19:19 +0100
parent 4069:b89f381abaa9
child 4168:7191d4638393
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 ---
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6
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7 # Introduction
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8
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9 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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10 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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11 services.
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12
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13 # Usage
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14
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15 ## On VirtualHosts
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16
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17 ```lua
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18 VirtualHost "example.com"
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19 modules_enabled = {"rest"}
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20 ```
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21
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22 ## As a Component
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23
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24 ``` {.lua}
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25 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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26 component_secret = "dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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27 modules_enabled = {"http_oauth2"}
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28 ```
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29
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30 ## OAuth2
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31
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32 [mod_http_oauth2] can be used to grant bearer tokens which are
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33 accepted by mod_rest.
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34
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35 ## Sending stanzas
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36
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37 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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38 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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39
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40 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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41
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42 ``` {.sh}
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43 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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44 --user username \
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45 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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46 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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47 <body>Hello!</body>
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48 </body>'
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49 ```
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50
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51 or a JSON payload:
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52
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53 ``` {.sh}
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54 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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55 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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56 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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57 --data-binary '{
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58 "body" : "Hello!",
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59 "kind" : "message",
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60 "to" : "user@example.org",
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61 "type" : "chat"
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62 }'
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63 ```
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64
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65 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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66
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67 ### Replies
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68
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69 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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70 long-polling style.
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71
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72 ``` {.sh}
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73 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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74 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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75 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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76 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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77 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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78 </iq>'
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79 ```
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80
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81 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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82 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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83 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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84 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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85
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86 ## Receiving stanzas
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87
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88 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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89
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90 ``` {.lua}
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91 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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92 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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93 ```
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94
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95 To enable JSON payloads set
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96
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97 ``` {.lua}
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98 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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99 ```
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100
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101 Example callback looks like:
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102
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103 ``` {.xml}
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104 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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105 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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106 Content-Length: 102
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107
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108 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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109 <body>Hello</body>
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110 </message>
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111 ```
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112
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113 or as JSON:
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114
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115 ``` {.json}
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116 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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117 Content-Type: application/json
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118 Content-Length: 133
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119
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120 {
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121 "body" : "Hello",
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122 "from" : "user@example.com",
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123 "kind" : "message",
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124 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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125 "type" : "chat"
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126 }
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127 ```
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128
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129 ### Replying
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130
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131 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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132 code `202` or `204`.
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133
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134 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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135 appropriate stanza error.
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136
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137 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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138 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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139
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140 ``` {.xml}
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141 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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142 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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143
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144 <message type="chat">
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145 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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146 </message>
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147 ```
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148
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149 ## Payload format
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150
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151 ### JSON
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152
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153 ``` {.json}
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154 {
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155 "body" : "Hello!",
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156 "kind" : "message",
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157 "type" : "chat"
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158 }
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159 ```
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160
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161 Further JSON object keys as follows:
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162
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163 #### Messages
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164
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165 `kind`
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166 : `"message"`
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167
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168 `type`
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169 : Commonly `"chat"` for 1-to-1 messages and `"groupchat"` for group
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170 chat messages. Others include `"normal"`, `"headline"` and
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171 `"error"`.
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172
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173 `body`
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174 : Human-readable message text.
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175
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176 `subject`
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177 : Message subject or MUC topic.
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178
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179 `html`
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180 : HTML.
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181
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182 `oob_url`
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183 : URL of an out-of-band resource, often used for images.
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184
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185 #### Presence
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186
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187 `kind`
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188 : `"presence"`
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189
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190 `type`
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191 : Empty for online or `"unavailable"` for offline.
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192
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193 `show`
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194 : [Online
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195 status](https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#presence-syntax-children-show),
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196 `away`, `dnd` etc.
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197
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198 `status`
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199 : Human-readable status message.
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200
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201 `join`
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202 : Boolean. Join a group chat.
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203
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204 #### Info-Queries
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205
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206 Only one type of payload can be included in an `iq`.
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207
3827
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208 `kind`
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209 : `"iq"`
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210
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211 `type`
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212 : `"get"` or `"set"` for queries, `"response"` or `"error"` for
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213 replies.
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214
3826
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215 `ping`
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216 : Send a ping. Get a pong. Maybe.
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217
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218 `disco`
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219 : Retrieve service discovery information about an entity.
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220
3828
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221 `items`
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222 : Discover list of items (other services, groupchats etc).
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223
3813
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224 ### XML
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225
3800
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226 ``` {.xml}
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227 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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228 ...
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229 </message>
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230 ```
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231
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232 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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233
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234 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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235
3801
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236 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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237 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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238
3808
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239 # Examples
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240
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241 ## Python / Flask
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242
3820
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243 Simple echo bot that responds to messages as XML:
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244
3813
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245 ``` {.python}
3808
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246 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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247 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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248
3809
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249 app = Flask("echobot")
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250
3808
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251
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252 @app.before_request
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253 def parse():
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254 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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255
3809
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256
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257 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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258 def hello():
3809
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259 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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260 return Response(
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261 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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262 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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263 )
3808
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264
3809
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265 return Response(status=501)
3808
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266
3809
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267
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268 if __name__ == "__main__":
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269 app.run()
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270 ```
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271
3820
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272 And a JSON variant:
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273
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274 ``` {.python}
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275 from flask import Flask, Response, request, jsonify
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276
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277 app = Flask("echobot")
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278
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279
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280 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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281 def hello():
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282 print(request.data)
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283 if request.is_json:
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284 data = request.get_json()
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285 if data["kind"] == "message":
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286 return jsonify({"body": "hello"})
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287
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288 return Response(status=501)
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289
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290
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291 if __name__ == "__main__":
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292 app.run()
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293 ```
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294
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295 Remember to set `rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"` for
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296 this to work.
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297
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298 # JSON mapping
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299
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300 This section describes the JSON mapping. It can't represent any possible
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301 stanza, for full flexibility use the XML mode.
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302
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303 ## Stanza basics
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304
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305 `kind`
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306 : String representing the kind of stanza, one of `"message"`,
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307 `"presence"` or `"iq"`.
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308
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309 `type`
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310 : String with the type of stanza, appropriate values vary depending on
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311 `kind`, see [RFC 6121]. E.g.`"chat"` for *message* stanzas etc.
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312
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313 `to`
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314 : String containing the XMPP Address of the destination / recipient of
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315 the stanza.
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316
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317 `from`
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318 : String containing the XMPP Address of the sender the stanza.
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319
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320 `id`
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321 : String with a reasonably unique identifier for the stanza.
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322
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323 ## Basic Payloads
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324
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325 ### Messages
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326
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327 `body`
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328 : String, human readable text message.
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329
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330 `subject`
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331 : String, human readable summary equivalent to an email subject or the
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332 chat room topic in a `type:groupchat` message.
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333
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334 ### Presence
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335
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336 `show`
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337 : String representing availability, e.g. `"away"`, `"dnd"`. No value
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338 means a normal online status. See [RFC 6121] for the full list.
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339
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340 `status`
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341 : String with a human readable text message describing availability.
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342
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343 ## More payloads
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344
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345 ### Messages
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346
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347 `state`
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348 : String with current chat state, e.g. `"active"` (default) and
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349 `"composing"` (typing).
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350
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351 `html`
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352 : String with HTML allowing rich formating. **MUST** be contained in a
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353 `<body>` element.
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354
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355 `oob_url`
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356 : String with an URL of an external resource.
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357
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358 ### Presence
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359
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360 `join`
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361 : Boolean, used to join group chats.
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362
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363 ### IQ
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364
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365 `ping`
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366 : Boolean, a simple ping query. "Pongs" have only basic fields
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367 presents.
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368
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369 `version`
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370 : Map with `name`, `version` fields, and optionally an `os` field, to
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371 describe the software.
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372
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373 #### Service Discovery
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374
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375 `disco`
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376
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377 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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378 query.
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379
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380 Responses have a map containing an array of available features in
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381 the `features` key and an array of "identities" in the `identities`
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382 key. Each identity has a `category` and `type` field as well as an
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383 optional `name` field. See [XEP-0030] for further details.
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384
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385 `items`
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386 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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387 items list query. The response contain an array of items like
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388 `{"jid":"xmpp.address.here","name":"Description of item"}`.
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389
3953
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390 `extensions`
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391 : Map of extended feature discovery (see [XEP-0128]) data with
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392 `FORM_DATA` fields as the keys pointing at maps with the rest of the
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393 data.
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394
3890
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395 #### Ad-Hoc Commands
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396
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397 Used to execute arbitrary commands on supporting entities.
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398
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399 `command`
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400
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401 : String representing the command `node` or Map with the following
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402 possible fields:
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403
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404 `node`
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405 : Required string with node from disco\#items query for the
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406 command to execute.
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407
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408 `action`
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409 : Optional enum string defaulting to `"execute"`. Multi-step
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410 commands may involve `"next"`, `"prev"`, `"complete"` or
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411 `"cancel"`.
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412
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413 `actions`
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414 : Set (map of strings to `true`) with available actions to proceed
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415 with in multi-step commands.
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416
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417 `status`
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418 : String describing the status of the command, normally
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419 `"executing"`.
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420
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421 `sessionid`
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422 : Random session ID issued by the responder to identify the
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423 session in multi-step commands.
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424
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425 `note`
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426 : Map with `"type"` and `"text"` fields that carry simple result
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427 information.
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428
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429 `form`
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430 : Data form with description of expected input and data types in
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431 the next step of multi-step commands. **TODO** document format.
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432
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433 `data`
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434 : Map with only the data for result dataforms. Fields may be
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435 stings or arrays of strings.
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436
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437 ##### Example
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438
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439 Discovering commands:
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440
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441 ``` {.json}
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442 {
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443 "items" : {
3890
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444 "node" : "http://jabber.org/protocol/commands"
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445 },
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446 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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447 "kind" : "iq",
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448 "to" : "example.com",
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449 "type" : "get"
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450 }
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451 ```
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452
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453 Response:
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454
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455 ``` {.json}
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456 {
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457 "from" : "example.com",
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458 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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459 "items" : [
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460 {
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461 "jid" : "example.com",
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462 "name" : "Get uptime",
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463 "node" : "uptime"
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464 }
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465 ],
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466 "kind" : "iq",
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467 "type" : "result"
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468 }
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469 ```
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470
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471 Execute the command:
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472
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473 ``` {.json}
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474 {
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475 "command" : {
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476 "node" : "uptime"
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477 },
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478 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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479 "kind" : "iq",
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480 "to" : "example.com",
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481 "type" : "set"
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482 }
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483 ```
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484
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485 Executed:
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486
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487 ``` {.json}
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488 {
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489 "command" : {
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490 "node" : "uptime",
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491 "note" : {
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492 "text" : "This server has been running for 0 days, 20 hours and 54 minutes (since Fri Feb 7 18:05:30 2020)",
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493 "type" : "info"
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494 },
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495 "sessionid" : "6380880a-93e9-4f13-8ee2-171927a40e67",
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496 "status" : "completed"
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497 },
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498 "from" : "example.com",
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499 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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500 "kind" : "iq",
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501 "type" : "result"
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502 }
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503 ```
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504
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505 - **TODO** Describe multi-step commands with dataforms.
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506
3794
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507 # Compatibility
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508
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509 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12