File

util-src/crypto.c @ 13801:a5d5fefb8b68 13.0

mod_tls: Enable Prosody's certificate checking for incoming s2s connections (fixes #1916) (thanks Damian, Zash) Various options in Prosody allow control over the behaviour of the certificate verification process For example, some deployments choose to allow falling back to traditional "dialback" authentication (XEP-0220), while others verify via DANE, hard-coded fingerprints, or other custom plugins. Implementing this flexibility requires us to override OpenSSL's default certificate verification, to allow Prosody to verify the certificate itself, apply custom policies and make decisions based on the outcome. To enable our custom logic, we have to suppress OpenSSL's default behaviour of aborting the connection with a TLS alert message. With LuaSec, this can be achieved by using the verifyext "lsec_continue" flag. We also need to use the lsec_ignore_purpose flag, because XMPP s2s uses server certificates as "client" certificates (for mutual TLS verification in outgoing s2s connections). Commit 99d2100d2918 moved these settings out of the defaults and into mod_s2s, because we only really need these changes for s2s, and they should be opt-in, rather than automatically applied to all TLS services we offer. That commit was incomplete, because it only added the flags for incoming direct TLS connections. StartTLS connections are handled by mod_tls, which was not applying the lsec_* flags. It previously worked because they were already in the defaults. This resulted in incoming s2s connections with "invalid" certificates being aborted early by OpenSSL, even if settings such as `s2s_secure_auth = false` or DANE were present in the config. Outgoing s2s connections inherit verify "none" from the defaults, which means OpenSSL will receive the cert but will not terminate the connection when it is deemed invalid. This means we don't need lsec_continue there, and we also don't need lsec_ignore_purpose (because the remote peer is a "server"). Wondering why we can't just use verify "none" for incoming s2s? It's because in that mode, OpenSSL won't request a certificate from the peer for incoming connections. Setting verify "peer" is how you ask OpenSSL to request a certificate from the client, but also what triggers its built-in verification.
author Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
date Tue, 01 Apr 2025 17:26:56 +0100
parent 13537:fb970df95374
line wrap: on
line source

/* Prosody IM
-- Copyright (C) 2022 Matthew Wild
--
-- This project is MIT/X11 licensed. Please see the
-- COPYING file in the source package for more information.
--
*/

/*
* crypto.c
* Lua library for cryptographic operations using OpenSSL
*/

#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#ifdef _MSC_VER
typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
#else
#include <inttypes.h>
#endif

#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include <openssl/crypto.h>
#include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/obj_mac.h>
#include <openssl/param_build.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>

#if (LUA_VERSION_NUM == 501)
#define luaL_setfuncs(L, R, N) luaL_register(L, NULL, R)
#endif

/* The max size of an encoded 'R' or 'S' value. P-521 = 521 bits = 66 bytes */
#define MAX_ECDSA_SIG_INT_BYTES 66

#include "managed_pointer.h"

#define PKEY_MT_TAG "util.crypto key"

static BIO* new_memory_BIO(void) {
	return BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
}

MANAGED_POINTER_ALLOCATOR(new_managed_EVP_MD_CTX, EVP_MD_CTX*, EVP_MD_CTX_new, EVP_MD_CTX_free)
MANAGED_POINTER_ALLOCATOR(new_managed_BIO_s_mem, BIO*, new_memory_BIO, BIO_free)
MANAGED_POINTER_ALLOCATOR(new_managed_EVP_CIPHER_CTX, EVP_CIPHER_CTX*, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free)

#define CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_ERR "unexpected key type: got '%s', expected '%s'"

static EVP_PKEY* pkey_from_arg(lua_State *L, int idx, const int type, const int require_private) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = *(EVP_PKEY**)luaL_checkudata(L, idx, PKEY_MT_TAG);
	int got_type;
	if(type || require_private) {
		lua_getuservalue(L, idx);
		if(type != 0) {
			lua_getfield(L, -1, "type");
			got_type = lua_tointeger(L, -1);
			if(got_type != type) {
				const char *got_key_type_name = OBJ_nid2sn(got_type);
				const char *want_key_type_name = OBJ_nid2sn(type);
				lua_pushfstring(L, CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_ERR, got_key_type_name, want_key_type_name);
				luaL_argerror(L, idx, lua_tostring(L, -1));
			}
			lua_pop(L, 1);
		}
		if(require_private != 0) {
			lua_getfield(L, -1, "private");
			if(lua_toboolean(L, -1) != 1) {
				luaL_argerror(L, idx, "private key expected, got public key only");
			}
			lua_pop(L, 1);
		}
		lua_pop(L, 1);
	}
	return pkey;
}

static int Lpkey_finalizer(lua_State *L) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, 0, 0);
	EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
	return 0;
}

static int Lpkey_meth_get_type(lua_State *L) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, 0, 0);

	int key_type = EVP_PKEY_id(pkey);
	lua_pushstring(L, OBJ_nid2sn(key_type));
	return 1;
}

static int Lpkey_meth_derive(lua_State *L) {
	size_t outlen;
	EVP_PKEY *key = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, 0, 0);
	EVP_PKEY *peer = pkey_from_arg(L, 2, 0, 0);
	EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
	BUF_MEM *buf;
	BIO *bio = new_managed_BIO_s_mem(L);
	BIO_get_mem_ptr(bio, &buf);
	if (!(ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(key, NULL)))
		goto sslerr;
	if (EVP_PKEY_derive_init(ctx) <= 0)
		goto sslerr;
	if (EVP_PKEY_derive_set_peer(ctx, peer) <= 0)
		goto sslerr;
	if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx, NULL, &outlen) <= 0)
		goto sslerr;
	if (!BUF_MEM_grow_clean(buf, outlen))
		goto sslerr;
	if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx, (unsigned char*)buf->data, &outlen) <= 0)
		goto sslerr;
	EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
	ctx = NULL;
	lua_pushlstring(L, buf->data, outlen);
	BIO_reset(bio);
	return 1;
sslerr:
	if (ctx) {
		EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
		ctx = NULL;
	}
	BIO_reset(bio);
	return luaL_error(L, "pkey:derive failed");
}

static int base_evp_sign(lua_State *L, const int key_type, const EVP_MD *digest_type) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, (key_type!=NID_rsassaPss)?key_type:NID_rsaEncryption, 1);
	luaL_Buffer sigbuf;

	size_t msg_len;
	const unsigned char* msg = (unsigned char*)lua_tolstring(L, 2, &msg_len);

	size_t sig_len;
	unsigned char *sig = NULL;
	EVP_MD_CTX *md_ctx = new_managed_EVP_MD_CTX(L);

	if(EVP_DigestSignInit(md_ctx, NULL, digest_type, NULL, pkey) != 1) {
		lua_pushnil(L);
		return 1;
	}
	if(key_type == NID_rsassaPss) {
		EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_padding(EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx(md_ctx), RSA_PKCS1_PSS_PADDING);
	}
	if(EVP_DigestSign(md_ctx, NULL, &sig_len, msg, msg_len) != 1) {
		lua_pushnil(L);
		return 1;
	}

	// COMPAT w/ Lua 5.1
	luaL_buffinit(L, &sigbuf);
	sig = memset(luaL_prepbuffer(&sigbuf), 0, sig_len);

	if(EVP_DigestSign(md_ctx, sig, &sig_len, msg, msg_len) != 1) {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}
	else {
		luaL_addsize(&sigbuf, sig_len);
		luaL_pushresult(&sigbuf);
		return 1;
	}

	return 1;
}

static int base_evp_verify(lua_State *L, const int key_type, const EVP_MD *digest_type) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, (key_type!=NID_rsassaPss)?key_type:NID_rsaEncryption, 0);

	size_t msg_len;
	const unsigned char *msg = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &msg_len);

	size_t sig_len;
	const unsigned char *sig = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 3, &sig_len);

	EVP_MD_CTX *md_ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();

	if(EVP_DigestVerifyInit(md_ctx, NULL, digest_type, NULL, pkey) != 1) {
		lua_pushnil(L);
		goto cleanup;
	}
	if(key_type == NID_rsassaPss) {
		EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_rsa_padding(EVP_MD_CTX_pkey_ctx(md_ctx), RSA_PKCS1_PSS_PADDING);
	}
	int result = EVP_DigestVerify(md_ctx, sig, sig_len, msg, msg_len);
	if(result == 0) {
		lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
	} else if(result != 1) {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}
	else {
		lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
	}
cleanup:
	EVP_MD_CTX_free(md_ctx);
	return 1;
}

static int Lpkey_meth_public_raw(lua_State *L) {
	OSSL_PARAM *params;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, 0, 0);

	if (EVP_PKEY_todata(pkey, EVP_PKEY_PUBLIC_KEY, &params)) {
		OSSL_PARAM *item = params;
		while (item->key) {
			if (!strcmp("pub", item->key)) {
				lua_pushlstring(L, item->data, item->data_size);
				break;
			}
			item++;
		}
		if (!item->key) lua_pushnil(L);
		OSSL_PARAM_free(params);
	} else {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}

	return 1;
}

static int Lpkey_meth_public_pem(lua_State *L) {
	char *data;
	size_t bytes;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, 0, 0);
	BIO *bio = new_managed_BIO_s_mem(L);
	if(PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY(bio, pkey)) {
		bytes = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &data);
		if (bytes > 0) {
			lua_pushlstring(L, data, bytes);
		}
		else {
			lua_pushnil(L);
		}
	}
	else {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}
	return 1;
}

static int Lpkey_meth_private_pem(lua_State *L) {
	char *data;
	size_t bytes;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = pkey_from_arg(L, 1, 0, 1);
	BIO *bio = new_managed_BIO_s_mem(L);

	if(PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey(bio, pkey, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL)) {
		bytes = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &data);
		if (bytes > 0) {
			lua_pushlstring(L, data, bytes);
		}
		else {
			lua_pushnil(L);
		}
	}
	else {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}
	return 1;
}

static int push_pkey(lua_State *L, EVP_PKEY *pkey, const int type, const int privkey) {
	EVP_PKEY **ud = lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(EVP_PKEY*));
	*ud = pkey;
	luaL_newmetatable(L, PKEY_MT_TAG);
	lua_setmetatable(L, -2);

	/* Set some info about the key and attach it as a user value */
	lua_newtable(L);
	if(type != 0) {
		lua_pushinteger(L, type);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "type");
	}
	if(privkey != 0) {
		lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "private");
	}
	lua_setuservalue(L, -2);
	return 1;
}

static int Lgenerate_ed25519_keypair(lua_State *L) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
	EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_ED25519, NULL);

	/* Generate key */
	EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(pctx);
	EVP_PKEY_keygen(pctx, &pkey);
	EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);

	push_pkey(L, pkey, NID_ED25519, 1);
	return 1;
}

static int Lgenerate_p256_keypair(lua_State *L) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
	EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_EC, NULL);

	/* Generate key */
	if (EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(pctx) <= 0) goto err;
	if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_ec_paramgen_curve_nid(pctx, NID_X9_62_prime256v1) <= 0) goto err;
	if (EVP_PKEY_keygen(pctx, &pkey) <= 0) goto err;
	EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);

	push_pkey(L, pkey, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 1);
	return 1;

err:
	if (pctx) EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);
	lua_pushnil(L);
	return 1;
}

static int Limport_private_pem(lua_State *L) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;

	size_t privkey_bytes;
	const char* privkey_data;
	BIO *bio = new_managed_BIO_s_mem(L);

	privkey_data = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &privkey_bytes);
	BIO_write(bio, privkey_data, privkey_bytes);
	pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if (pkey) {
		push_pkey(L, pkey, EVP_PKEY_id(pkey), 1);
	}
	else {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}

	return 1;
}

static int Limport_public_ec_raw(lua_State *L) {
	OSSL_PARAM_BLD *param_bld = NULL;
	OSSL_PARAM *params = NULL;
	EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = NULL;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;

	size_t pubkey_bytes;
	const char* pubkey_data = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &pubkey_bytes);
	const char* curve = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);

	param_bld = OSSL_PARAM_BLD_new();
	if (!param_bld) goto err;
	if (!OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_utf8_string(param_bld, "group", curve, 0)) goto err;
	if (!OSSL_PARAM_BLD_push_octet_string(param_bld, "pub", pubkey_data, pubkey_bytes)) goto err;
	params = OSSL_PARAM_BLD_to_param(param_bld);
	if (!params) goto err;
	ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_name(NULL, "EC", NULL);
	if (!ctx) goto err;
	if (!EVP_PKEY_fromdata_init(ctx)) goto err;
	if (EVP_PKEY_fromdata(ctx, &pkey, EVP_PKEY_PUBLIC_KEY, params) <= 0) goto err;

	push_pkey(L, pkey, EVP_PKEY_id(pkey), 0);

	EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
	OSSL_PARAM_free(params);
	OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free(param_bld);

	return 1;
err:
	if (ctx) EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
	if (params) OSSL_PARAM_free(params);
	if (param_bld) OSSL_PARAM_BLD_free(param_bld);
	lua_pushnil(L);
	return 1;
}

static int Limport_public_pem(lua_State *L) {
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;

	size_t pubkey_bytes;
	const char* pubkey_data;
	BIO *bio = new_managed_BIO_s_mem(L);

	pubkey_data = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &pubkey_bytes);
	BIO_write(bio, pubkey_data, pubkey_bytes);
	pkey = PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(bio, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if (pkey) {
		push_pkey(L, pkey, EVP_PKEY_id(pkey), 0);
	}
	else {
		lua_pushnil(L);
	}

	return 1;
}

static int Led25519_sign(lua_State *L) {
	return base_evp_sign(L, NID_ED25519, NULL);
}

static int Led25519_verify(lua_State *L) {
	return base_evp_verify(L, NID_ED25519, NULL);
}

/* encrypt(key, iv, plaintext) */
static int Levp_encrypt(lua_State *L, const EVP_CIPHER *cipher, const unsigned char expected_key_len, const unsigned char expected_iv_len, const size_t tag_len) {
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;
	luaL_Buffer ciphertext_buffer;

	size_t key_len, iv_len, plaintext_len;
	int ciphertext_len, final_len;

	const unsigned char *key = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &key_len);
	const unsigned char *iv = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &iv_len);
	const unsigned char *plaintext = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 3, &plaintext_len);

	if(key_len != expected_key_len) {
		return luaL_error(L, "key must be %d bytes", expected_key_len);
	}
	if(iv_len != expected_iv_len) {
		return luaL_error(L, "iv must be %d bytes", expected_iv_len);
	}
	if(lua_gettop(L) > 3) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Expected 3 arguments, got %d", lua_gettop(L));
	}

	// Create and initialise the context
	ctx = new_managed_EVP_CIPHER_CTX(L);

	// Initialise the encryption operation
	if(1 != EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, NULL, NULL)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while initializing encryption engine");
	}

	// Initialise key and IV
	if(1 != EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, NULL, NULL, key, iv)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while initializing key/iv");
	}

	luaL_buffinit(L, &ciphertext_buffer);
	unsigned char *ciphertext = (unsigned char*)luaL_prepbuffsize(&ciphertext_buffer, plaintext_len+tag_len);

	if(1 != EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, ciphertext, &ciphertext_len, plaintext, plaintext_len)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while encrypting data");
	}

	/*
	* Finalise the encryption. Normally ciphertext bytes may be written at
	* this stage, but this does not occur in GCM mode
	*/
	if(1 != EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, ciphertext + ciphertext_len, &final_len)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while encrypting final data");
	}
	if(final_len != 0) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Non-zero final data");
	}

	if(tag_len > 0) {
		/* Get the tag */
		if(1 != EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_AEAD_GET_TAG, tag_len, ciphertext + ciphertext_len)) {
			return luaL_error(L, "Unable to read AEAD tag of encrypted data");
		}
		/* Append tag */
		luaL_addsize(&ciphertext_buffer, ciphertext_len + tag_len);
	} else {
		luaL_addsize(&ciphertext_buffer, ciphertext_len);
	}
	luaL_pushresult(&ciphertext_buffer);

	return 1;
}

static int Laes_128_gcm_encrypt(lua_State *L) {
	return Levp_encrypt(L, EVP_aes_128_gcm(), 16, 12, 16);
}

static int Laes_256_gcm_encrypt(lua_State *L) {
	return Levp_encrypt(L, EVP_aes_256_gcm(), 32, 12, 16);
}

static int Laes_256_ctr_encrypt(lua_State *L) {
	return Levp_encrypt(L, EVP_aes_256_ctr(), 32, 16, 0);
}

/* decrypt(key, iv, ciphertext) */
static int Levp_decrypt(lua_State *L, const EVP_CIPHER *cipher, const unsigned char expected_key_len, const unsigned char expected_iv_len, const size_t tag_len) {
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;
	luaL_Buffer plaintext_buffer;

	size_t key_len, iv_len, ciphertext_len;
	int plaintext_len, final_len;

	const unsigned char *key = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &key_len);
	const unsigned char *iv = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &iv_len);
	const unsigned char *ciphertext = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 3, &ciphertext_len);

	if(key_len != expected_key_len) {
		return luaL_error(L, "key must be %d bytes", expected_key_len);
	}
	if(iv_len != expected_iv_len) {
		return luaL_error(L, "iv must be %d bytes", expected_iv_len);
	}
	if(ciphertext_len <= tag_len) {
		return luaL_error(L, "ciphertext must be at least %d bytes (including tag)", tag_len);
	}
	if(lua_gettop(L) > 3) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Expected 3 arguments, got %d", lua_gettop(L));
	}

	/* Create and initialise the context */
	ctx = new_managed_EVP_CIPHER_CTX(L);

	/* Initialise the decryption operation. */
	if(!EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, NULL, NULL)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while initializing decryption engine");
	}

	/* Initialise key and IV */
	if(!EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, NULL, NULL, key, iv)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while initializing key/iv");
	}

	luaL_buffinit(L, &plaintext_buffer);
	unsigned char *plaintext = (unsigned char*)luaL_prepbuffsize(&plaintext_buffer, ciphertext_len);

	/*
	* Provide the message to be decrypted, and obtain the plaintext output.
	* EVP_DecryptUpdate can be called multiple times if necessary
	*/
	if(!EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, plaintext, &plaintext_len, ciphertext, ciphertext_len-tag_len)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "Error while decrypting data");
	}

	if(tag_len > 0) {
		/* Set expected tag value. Works in OpenSSL 1.0.1d and later */
		if(!EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_AEAD_SET_TAG, tag_len, (unsigned char*)ciphertext + (ciphertext_len-tag_len))) {
			return luaL_error(L, "Error while processing authentication tag");
		}
	}

	/*
	* Finalise the decryption. A positive return value indicates success,
	* anything else is a failure - the plaintext is not trustworthy.
	*/
	int ret = EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, plaintext + plaintext_len, &final_len);

	if(ret <= 0) {
		/* Verify failed */
		lua_pushnil(L);
		lua_pushliteral(L, "verify-failed");
		return 2;
	}

	luaL_addsize(&plaintext_buffer, plaintext_len + final_len);
	luaL_pushresult(&plaintext_buffer);
	return 1;
}

static int Laes_128_gcm_decrypt(lua_State *L) {
	return Levp_decrypt(L, EVP_aes_128_gcm(), 16, 12, 16);
}

static int Laes_256_gcm_decrypt(lua_State *L) {
	return Levp_decrypt(L, EVP_aes_256_gcm(), 32, 12, 16);
}

static int Laes_256_ctr_decrypt(lua_State *L) {
	return Levp_decrypt(L, EVP_aes_256_ctr(), 32, 16, 0);
}

/* r, s = parse_ecdsa_sig(sig_der) */
static int Lparse_ecdsa_signature(lua_State *L) {
	ECDSA_SIG *sig;
	size_t sig_der_len;
	const unsigned char *sig_der = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &sig_der_len);
	const size_t sig_int_bytes = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
	const BIGNUM *r, *s;
	int rlen, slen;
	unsigned char rb[MAX_ECDSA_SIG_INT_BYTES];
	unsigned char sb[MAX_ECDSA_SIG_INT_BYTES];

	if(sig_int_bytes > MAX_ECDSA_SIG_INT_BYTES) {
		luaL_error(L, "requested signature size exceeds supported limit");
	}

	sig = d2i_ECDSA_SIG(NULL, &sig_der, sig_der_len);

	if(sig == NULL) {
		lua_pushnil(L);
		return 1;
	}

	ECDSA_SIG_get0(sig, &r, &s);

	rlen = BN_bn2binpad(r, rb, sig_int_bytes);
	slen = BN_bn2binpad(s, sb, sig_int_bytes);

	if (rlen == -1 || slen == -1) {
		ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
		luaL_error(L, "encoded integers exceed requested size");
	}

	ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);

	lua_pushlstring(L, (const char*)rb, rlen);
	lua_pushlstring(L, (const char*)sb, slen);

	return 2;
}

/* sig_der = build_ecdsa_signature(r, s) */
static int Lbuild_ecdsa_signature(lua_State *L) {
	ECDSA_SIG *sig = ECDSA_SIG_new();
	BIGNUM *r, *s;
	luaL_Buffer sigbuf;

	size_t rlen, slen;
	const unsigned char *rbin, *sbin;

	rbin = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &rlen);
	sbin = (unsigned char*)luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &slen);

	r = BN_bin2bn(rbin, (int)rlen, NULL);
	s = BN_bin2bn(sbin, (int)slen, NULL);

	ECDSA_SIG_set0(sig, r, s);

	luaL_buffinit(L, &sigbuf);

	/* DER structure of an ECDSA signature has 7 bytes plus the integers themselves,
	   which may gain an extra byte once encoded */
	unsigned char *buffer = (unsigned char*)luaL_prepbuffsize(&sigbuf, (rlen+1)+(slen+1)+7);
	int len = i2d_ECDSA_SIG(sig, &buffer);
	luaL_addsize(&sigbuf, len);
	luaL_pushresult(&sigbuf);

	ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);

	return 1;
}

#define REG_SIGN_VERIFY(algorithm, digest) \
	{ #algorithm "_" #digest "_sign",       L ## algorithm ## _ ## digest ## _sign    },\
	{ #algorithm "_" #digest "_verify",     L ## algorithm ## _ ## digest ## _verify  },

#define IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(algorithm, key_type, digest) \
  static int L ## algorithm ## _ ## digest ## _sign(lua_State *L) {   \
  	return base_evp_sign(L, key_type, EVP_ ## digest());          \
  }                                                                   \
  static int L ## algorithm ## _ ## digest ## _verify(lua_State *L) { \
  	return base_evp_verify(L, key_type, EVP_ ## digest());        \
  }

IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(ecdsa, NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey, sha256)
IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(ecdsa, NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey, sha384)
IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(ecdsa, NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey, sha512)

IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pkcs1, NID_rsaEncryption, sha256)
IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pkcs1, NID_rsaEncryption, sha384)
IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pkcs1, NID_rsaEncryption, sha512)

IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pss, NID_rsassaPss, sha256)
IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pss, NID_rsassaPss, sha384)
IMPL_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pss, NID_rsassaPss, sha512)

static const luaL_Reg Reg[] = {
	{ "ed25519_sign",                Led25519_sign             },
	{ "ed25519_verify",              Led25519_verify           },

	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(ecdsa, sha256)
	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(ecdsa, sha384)
	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(ecdsa, sha512)

	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pkcs1, sha256)
	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pkcs1, sha384)
	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pkcs1, sha512)

	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pss, sha256)
	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pss, sha384)
	REG_SIGN_VERIFY(rsassa_pss, sha512)

	{ "aes_128_gcm_encrypt",         Laes_128_gcm_encrypt      },
	{ "aes_128_gcm_decrypt",         Laes_128_gcm_decrypt      },
	{ "aes_256_gcm_encrypt",         Laes_256_gcm_encrypt      },
	{ "aes_256_gcm_decrypt",         Laes_256_gcm_decrypt      },

	{ "aes_256_ctr_encrypt",         Laes_256_ctr_encrypt      },
	{ "aes_256_ctr_decrypt",         Laes_256_ctr_decrypt      },

	{ "generate_ed25519_keypair",    Lgenerate_ed25519_keypair },
	{ "generate_p256_keypair",       Lgenerate_p256_keypair    },

	{ "import_private_pem",          Limport_private_pem       },
	{ "import_public_pem",           Limport_public_pem        },
	{ "import_public_ec_raw",        Limport_public_ec_raw     },

	{ "parse_ecdsa_signature",       Lparse_ecdsa_signature    },
	{ "build_ecdsa_signature",       Lbuild_ecdsa_signature    },
	{ NULL,                          NULL                      }
};

static const luaL_Reg KeyMethods[] = {
	{ "private_pem",            Lpkey_meth_private_pem       },
	{ "public_pem",             Lpkey_meth_public_pem        },
	{ "public_raw",             Lpkey_meth_public_raw        },
	{ "get_type",               Lpkey_meth_get_type          },
	{ "derive",                 Lpkey_meth_derive            },
	{ NULL,                     NULL                         }
};

static const luaL_Reg KeyMetatable[] = {
	{ "__gc",               Lpkey_finalizer },
	{ NULL,                 NULL            }
};

LUALIB_API int luaopen_prosody_util_crypto(lua_State *L) {
#if (LUA_VERSION_NUM > 501)
	luaL_checkversion(L);
#endif

	/* Initialize pkey metatable */
	luaL_newmetatable(L, PKEY_MT_TAG);
	luaL_setfuncs(L, KeyMetatable, 0);
	lua_newtable(L);
	luaL_setfuncs(L, KeyMethods, 0);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index");
	lua_pop(L, 1);

	/* Initialize lib table */
	lua_newtable(L);
	luaL_setfuncs(L, Reg, 0);
	lua_pushliteral(L, "-3.14");
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "version");
#ifdef OPENSSL_VERSION
	lua_pushstring(L, OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION));
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "_LIBCRYPTO_VERSION");
#endif
	return 1;
}

LUALIB_API int luaopen_util_crypto(lua_State *L) {
	return luaopen_prosody_util_crypto(L);
}