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mod_firewall/README.markdown @ 3757:971417eedfee
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| author | Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se> |
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| date | Sat, 23 Nov 2019 04:52:43 +0100 |
| parent | 3197:f6a14cdc531b |
| child | 4072:2dcbc01c9931 |
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1 --- |
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2 labels: |
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha' |
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4 summary: 'A rule-based stanza filtering module' |
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5 ... |
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6 |
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7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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9 **Note:** mod\_firewall is in its very early stages. This documentation |
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10 is liable to change, and some described functionality may be missing, |
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11 incomplete or contain bugs. |
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13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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15 Introduction |
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16 ============ |
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18 A firewall is an invaluable tool in the sysadmin's toolbox. However |
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19 while low-level firewalls such as iptables and pf are incredibly good at |
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20 what they do, they are generally not able to handle application-layer |
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21 rules. |
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23 The goal of mod\_firewall is to provide similar services at the XMPP |
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24 layer. Based on rule scripts it can efficiently block, bounce, drop, |
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25 forward, copy, redirect stanzas and more! Furthermore all rules can be |
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26 applied and updated dynamically at runtime without restarting the |
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27 server. |
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29 Details |
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30 ======= |
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32 mod\_firewall loads one or more scripts, and compiles these to Lua code |
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33 that reacts to stanzas flowing through Prosody. The firewall script |
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34 syntax is unusual, but straightforward. |
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36 A firewall script is dominated by rules. Each rule has two parts: |
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37 conditions, and actions. When a stanza matches all of the conditions, |
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38 all of the actions are executed in order. |
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| 40 Here is a simple example to block stanzas from spammer@example.com: | |
| 41 | |
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42 FROM: spammer@example.com |
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43 DROP. |
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45 FROM is a condition, and DROP is an action. This is about as simple as |
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46 it gets. How about heading to the other extreme? Let's demonstrate |
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47 something more complex that mod\_firewall can do for you: |
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49 %ZONE myorganisation: staff.myorg.example, support.myorg.example |
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51 ENTERING: myorganisation |
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52 KIND: message |
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53 TIME: 12am-9am, 5pm-12am, Saturday, Sunday |
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54 REPLY=Sorry, I am afraid our office is closed at the moment. If you need assistance, please call our 24-hour support line on 123-456-789. |
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56 This rule will reply with a short message whenever someone tries to send |
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57 a message to someone at any of the hosts defined in the 'myorganisation' |
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58 outside of office hours. |
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60 Specifying rule sets |
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61 -------------------- |
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62 |
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63 Firewall rules should be written into text files, e.g. `ruleset.pfw` file. |
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64 One or more rule files can be specified in the configuration using: |
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65 |
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66 firewall_scripts = { "path/to/ruleset.pfw", "path/to/ruleset2.pfw" } |
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67 |
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68 If multiple files are specified and they both add rules to the same chains, |
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69 each file's rules will be processed in order, but the order of files is undefined. |
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71 Conditions |
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72 ---------- |
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73 |
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74 All conditions must come before any action in a rule block. The |
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75 condition name is followed by a colon (':'), and the value to test for. |
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77 A condition can be preceded or followed by `NOT` to negate its match. |
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78 For example: |
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80 NOT FROM: user@example.com |
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81 KIND NOT: message |
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83 Some conditions do not take parameters, and these should end with just a |
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84 question mark, like: |
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85 |
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86 IN ROSTER? |
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87 |
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88 ### Zones |
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90 A 'zone' is one or more hosts or JIDs. It is possible to match when a |
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91 stanza is entering or leaving a zone, while at the same time not |
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92 matching traffic passing between JIDs in the same zone. |
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94 Zones are defined at the top of a script with the following syntax (they |
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95 are not part of a rule block): |
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97 %ZONE myzone: host1, host2, user@host3, foo.bar.example |
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99 There is an automatic zone named `$local`, which automatically includes |
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100 all of the current server's active hosts (including components). It can |
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101 be used to match stanzas entering or leaving the current server. |
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102 |
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103 A host listed in a zone also matches all users on that host (but not |
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104 subdomains). |
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| 106 The following zone-matching conditions are supported: | |
| 107 | |
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108 Condition Matches |
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109 ------------ ------------------------------------------ |
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110 `ENTERING` When a stanza is entering the named zone |
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111 `LEAVING` When a stanza is leaving the named zone |
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113 ### Lists |
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114 |
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115 It is possible to create or load lists of strings for use in scripts. For example, you might load a JID blacklist, |
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116 a list of malware URLs or simple words that you want to filter messages on. |
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117 |
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118 List type Example |
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119 ----------- ----------------------- |
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120 memory %LIST spammers: memory |
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121 file %LIST spammers: file:/etc/spammers.txt |
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122 http %LIST spammers: http://example.com/spammers.txt |
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123 |
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124 #### CHECK LIST |
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125 |
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126 Checks whether a simple expression is found in a given list. |
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127 |
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128 Example: |
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129 |
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130 %LIST blacklist: file:/etc/prosody/blacklist.txt |
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131 |
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132 # Rule to block presence subscription requests from blacklisted JIDs |
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133 KIND: presence |
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134 TYPE: subscribe |
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135 CHECK LIST: blacklist contains $<@from> |
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136 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Your JID is blacklisted) |
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137 |
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138 #### SCAN |
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139 |
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140 SCAN allows you to search inside a stanza for a given pattern, and check each result against a list. For example, |
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141 you could scan a message body for words and check if any of the words are found in a given list. |
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142 |
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143 Before using SCAN, you need to define a search location and a pattern. The search location uses the same 'path' |
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144 format as documented under the 'INSPECT' condition. Patterns can be any valid Lua pattern. |
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145 |
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146 To use the above example: |
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147 |
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148 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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149 %SEARCH body: body# |
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150 # Define a pattern called 'word' which matches any sequence of letters |
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151 %PATTERN word: [A-Za-z]+ |
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152 # Finally, we also need our list of "bad" words: |
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153 %LIST badwords: file:/etc/prosody/bad_words.txt |
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154 |
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155 # Now we can use these to SCAN incoming stanzas |
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156 # If it finds a match, bounce the stanza |
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157 SCAN: body for word in badwords |
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158 BOUNCE=policy-violation (This word is not allowed!) |
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159 |
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160 #### COUNT |
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161 |
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162 COUNT is similar to SCAN, in that it uses a defined SEARCH and breaks it up according to a PATTERN. Then it |
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163 counts the number of results. |
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164 |
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165 For example, to block every message with more than one URL: |
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166 |
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167 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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168 %SEARCH body: body# |
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169 # Define a pattern called 'url' which matches HTTP links |
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170 %PATTERN url: https?://%S+ |
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171 |
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172 COUNT: url in body > 1 |
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173 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Up to one HTTP URL is allowed in messages) |
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174 |
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175 ### Stanza matching |
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177 Condition Matches |
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178 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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179 `KIND` The kind of stanza. May be 'message', 'presence' or 'iq' |
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180 `TYPE` The type of stanza. This varies depending on the kind of stanza. See 'Stanza types' below for more information. |
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181 `PAYLOAD` The stanza contains a child with the given namespace. Useful for determining the type of an iq request, or whether a message contains a certain extension. |
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182 `INSPECT` The node at the specified path exists or matches a given string. This allows you to look anywhere inside a stanza. See below for examples and more. |
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183 |
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184 #### Stanza types |
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186 Stanza Valid types |
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187 ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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188 iq get, set, result, error |
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189 presence *available*, unavailable, probe, subscribe, subscribed, unsubscribe, unsubscribed, error |
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190 message normal, chat, groupchat, headline, error |
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192 **Note:** The type 'available' for presence does not actually appear in |
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193 the protocol. Available presence is signalled by the omission of a type. |
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194 Similarly, a message stanza with no type is equivalent to one of type |
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195 'normal'. mod\_firewall handles these cases for you automatically. |
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197 ### Sender/recipient matching |
| 1782 | 198 |
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199 Condition Matches |
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200 ------------- ------------------------------------------------------- |
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201 `FROM` The JID in the 'from' attribute matches the given JID. |
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202 `TO` The JID in the 'to' attribute matches the given JID. |
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203 `TO SELF` The stanza is sent by any of a user's resources to their own bare JID. |
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204 `TO FULL JID` The stanza is addressed to a valid full JID on the local server (full JIDs include a resource at the end, and only exist for the lifetime of a single session, therefore the recipient must be online, or this check will not match). |
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206 The TO and FROM conditions both accept wildcards in the JID when the wildcard |
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207 expression is enclosed in angle brackets ('\<...\>'). For example: |
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208 |
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209 # All users at example.com |
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210 FROM: <*>@example.com |
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212 # The user 'admin' on any subdomain of example.com |
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213 FROM: admin@<*.example.com> |
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214 |
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215 You can also use [Lua's pattern |
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216 matching](http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1) for more |
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217 powerful matching abilities. Patterns are a lightweight |
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218 regular-expression alternative. Simply contain the pattern in double |
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219 angle brackets. The pattern is automatically anchored at the start and |
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220 end (so it must match the entire portion of the JID). |
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222 # Match admin@example.com, and admin1@example.com, etc. |
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223 FROM: <<admin%d*>>@example.com |
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224 |
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225 **Note:** It is important to know that 'example.com' is a valid JID on |
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226 its own, and does **not** match 'user@example.com'. To perform domain |
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227 whitelists or blacklists, use Zones. |
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| 2047 | 229 Condition Matches |
| 230 ---------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 231 `FROM_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'from' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
| 232 `TO_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'to' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
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233 |
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234 These additional conditions do not support pattern matching, but are |
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235 useful to match the exact to/from address on a stanza. For example, if |
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236 no resource is specified then only bare JIDs will be matched. TO and FROM |
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237 match all resources if no resource is specified to match. |
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238 |
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239 **Note:** Some chains execute before Prosody has performed any |
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240 normalisation or validity checks on the to/from JIDs on an incoming |
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241 stanza. It is not advisable to perform access control or similar rules |
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242 on JIDs in these chains (see the chain documentation for more info). |
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244 #### INSPECT |
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245 |
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246 INSPECT takes a 'path' through the stanza to get a string (an attribute |
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247 value or text content). An example is the best way to explain. Let's |
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248 check that a user is not trying to register an account with the username |
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249 'admin'. This stanza comes from [XEP-0077: In-band |
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250 Registration](http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html#example-4): |
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251 |
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252 ``` xml |
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253 <iq type='set' id='reg2'> |
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254 <query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'> |
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255 <username>bill</username> |
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256 <password>Calliope</password> |
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257 <email>bard@shakespeare.lit</email> |
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258 </query> |
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259 </iq> |
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260 ``` |
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261 |
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262 KIND: iq |
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263 TYPE: set |
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264 PAYLOAD: jabber:iq:register |
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265 INSPECT: {jabber:iq:register}query/username#=admin |
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266 BOUNCE=not-allowed (The username 'admin' is reserved.) |
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267 |
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268 That weird string deserves some explanation. It is a path, divided into |
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269 segments by '/'. Each segment describes an element by its name, |
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270 optionally prefixed by its namespace in curly braces ('{...}'). If the |
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271 path ends with a '\#' then the text content of the last element will be |
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272 returned. If the path ends with '@name' then the value of the attribute |
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273 'name' will be returned. |
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274 |
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275 You can use INSPECT to test for the existence of an element or attribute, |
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276 or you can see if it is equal to a string by appending `=STRING` (as in the |
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277 example above). Finally, you can also test whether it matches a given Lua |
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278 pattern by using `~=PATTERN`. |
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279 |
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280 INSPECT is somewhat slower than the other stanza matching conditions. To |
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281 minimise performance impact, always place it below other faster |
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282 condition checks where possible (e.g. above we first checked KIND, TYPE |
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283 and PAYLOAD matched before INSPECT). |
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284 |
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285 ### Roster |
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286 |
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287 These functions access the roster of the recipient (only). Therefore they cannot (currently) |
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288 be used in some chains, such as for outgoing messages (the recipient may be on another server). |
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289 |
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290 Performance note: this check can potentially cause storage access (especially if the recipient |
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291 is currently offline), so you may want to limit its use in high-traffic situations, and place |
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292 it below other checks (such as a rate limiter). |
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293 |
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294 #### IN ROSTER |
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295 |
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296 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster. |
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297 |
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298 IN ROSTER? |
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299 |
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300 #### IN ROSTER GROUP |
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301 |
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302 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster, and in the named group. |
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303 |
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304 IN ROSTER GROUP: Friends |
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305 |
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306 #### SUBSCRIBED |
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307 |
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308 Tests whether the recipient is subscribed to the sender, ie will receive |
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309 presence updates from them. |
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310 |
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311 Note that this *does* work, regardless of direction and which chain is |
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312 used, since both the sender and the recipient will have mirrored roster |
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313 entries. |
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314 |
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315 ### Groups |
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316 |
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317 Using Prosody's mod\_groups it is possible to define groups of users on the server. You can |
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318 match based on these groups in firewall rules. |
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319 |
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320 Condition Matches |
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321 ----------------- ---------------------------- |
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322 `FROM GROUP` When the stanza is being sent from a member of the named group |
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323 `TO GROUP` When the stanza is being sent to a member of the named group |
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324 `CROSSING GROUPS` When the stanza is being sent between users of different named groups |
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325 |
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326 #### CROSSING GROUPS |
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327 |
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328 The `CROSSING GROUPS` condition takes a comma-separated list of groups to check. If the |
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329 sender and recipient are not in the same group (only the listed groups are checked), then the |
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330 this condition matches and the stanza is deemed to be crossing between groups. |
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331 |
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332 For example, if you had three groups: Engineering, Marketing and Employees. All users are |
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333 members of the 'Employees' group, and the others are for employees of the named department only. |
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334 |
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335 To prevent employees in the marketing department from communicating with engineers, you could use |
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336 the following rule: |
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337 |
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338 ``` |
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339 CROSSING GROUPS: Marketing, Engineering |
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340 BOUNCE=policy-violation (no communication between these groups is allowed!) |
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341 ``` |
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342 |
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343 This works, even though both the users are in the 'Employees' group, because that group is not listed |
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344 in the condition. |
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345 |
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346 In the above example, a user who is member of both groups is not restricted. |
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347 |
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348 #### SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER |
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349 |
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350 This condition matches if the recipient of a stanza has previously sent directed presence to the sender of the stanza. This |
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351 is often done in XMPP to exchange presence information with JIDs that are not on your roster, such as MUC rooms. |
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352 |
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353 This condition does not take a parameter - end the condition name with a question mark: |
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354 |
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355 # Rule to bounce messages from senders not in the roster who haven't been sent directed presence |
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356 NOT IN ROSTER? |
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357 NOT SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER? |
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358 BOUNCE=service-unavailable |
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359 |
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360 ### Admins |
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361 |
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362 Prosody allows certain JIDs to be declared as administrators of a host, component or the whole server. |
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363 |
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364 Condition Matches |
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365 ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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366 `TO ADMIN` When the recipient of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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367 `FROM ADMIN` When the sender of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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368 `FROM ADMIN OF` When the sender of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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369 `TO ADMIN OF` When the recipient of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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370 |
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371 ### Time and date |
| 1782 | 372 |
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373 #### TIME |
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374 |
| 1782 | 375 Matches stanzas sent during certain time periods. |
| 376 | |
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377 Condition Matches |
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378 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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379 TIME When the current server local time is within one of the comma-separated time ranges given |
| 1782 | 380 |
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381 TIME: 10pm-6am, 14:00-15:00 |
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382 REPLY=Zzzz. |
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383 |
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384 #### DAY |
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385 |
| 1782 | 386 It is also possible to match only on certain days of the week. |
| 387 | |
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388 Condition Matches |
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389 ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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390 DAY When the current day matches one, or falls within a rage, in the given comma-separated list of days |
| 1782 | 391 |
| 392 Example: | |
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393 |
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394 DAY: Sat-Sun, Wednesday |
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395 REPLY=Sorry, I'm out enjoying life! |
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397 All times and dates are handled in the server's local time. |
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398 |
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399 ### Rate-limiting |
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400 |
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401 It is possible to selectively rate-limit stanzas, and use rules to |
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402 decide what to do with stanzas when over the limit. |
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404 First, you must define any rate limits that you are going to use in your |
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405 script. Here we create a limiter called 'normal' that will allow 2 |
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406 stanzas per second, and then we define a rule to bounce messages when |
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407 over this limit. Note that the `RATE` definition is not part of a rule |
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408 (multiple rules can share the same limiter). |
| 1782 | 409 |
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410 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) |
| 1782 | 411 |
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412 KIND: message |
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413 LIMIT: normal |
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414 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Sending too fast!) |
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416 The 'burst' parameter on the rate limit allows you to spread the limit |
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417 check over a given time period. For example the definition shown above |
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418 will allow the limit to be temporarily surpassed, as long as it is |
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419 within the limit after 3 seconds. You will almost always want to specify |
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420 a burst factor. |
| 1782 | 421 |
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422 Both the rate and the burst can be fractional values. For example a rate |
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423 of 0.1 means only one event is allowed every 10 seconds. |
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425 The LIMIT condition actually does two things; first it counts against |
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426 the given limiter, and then it checks to see if the limiter over its |
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427 limit yet. If it is, the condition matches, otherwise it will not. |
| 1782 | 428 |
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429 Condition Matches |
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430 ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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431 `LIMIT` When the named limit is 'used up'. Using this condition automatically counts against that limit. |
| 1782 | 432 |
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433 **Note:** Reloading mod\_firewall resets the current state of any |
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434 limiters. |
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435 |
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436 #### Dynamic limits |
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437 |
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438 Sometimes you may want to have multiple throttles in a single condition, using some property of the session or stanza |
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439 to determine which throttle to use. For example, you might have a limit for incoming stanzas, but you want to limit by |
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440 sending JID, instead of all incoming stanzas sharing the same limit. |
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441 |
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442 You can use the 'on' keyword for this, like so: |
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443 |
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444 LIMIT: normal on EXPRESSION |
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445 |
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446 For more information on expressions, see the section later in this document. |
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447 |
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448 Each value of 'EXPRESSION' has to be tracked individually in a table, which uses a small amount of memory. To prevent |
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449 memory exhaustion, the number of tracked values is limited to 1000 by default. You can override this by setting the |
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450 maximum number of table entries when you define the rate: |
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451 |
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452 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) (entries 4096) |
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453 |
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454 Old values are automatically removed from the tracking table. However if the tracking table becomes full, new entries |
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455 will be rejected - it will behave as if the rate limit was reached, even for values that have not been seen before. Since |
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456 this opens up a potential denial of service (innocent users may be affected if malicious users can fill up the tracking |
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457 table within the limit period). You can choose to instead "fail open", and allow the rate limit to be temporarily bypassed |
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458 when the table is full. To choose this behaviour, add `(allow overflow)` to the RATE definition. |
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459 |
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460 ### Session marking |
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461 |
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462 It is possible to 'mark' sessions (see the MARK_ORIGIN action below). To match stanzas from marked sessions, use the |
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463 `ORIGIN_MARKED` condition. |
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464 |
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465 Condition Description |
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466 ------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- |
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467 ORIGIN MARKED: markname Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname'. |
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468 ORIGIN MARKED: markname (Xs) Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname' within the past X seconds. |
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469 |
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470 Example usage: |
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471 |
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472 # This rule drops messages from sessions that have been marked as spammers in the past hour |
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473 ORIGIN MARKED: spammer (3600s) |
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474 DROP. |
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475 |
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476 # This rule marks the origin session as a spammer if they send a message to a honeypot JID |
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477 KIND: message |
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478 TO: honeypot@example.com |
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479 MARK ORIGIN=spammer |
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480 |
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481 Actions |
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482 ------- |
| 1782 | 483 |
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484 Actions come after all conditions in a rule block. There must be at |
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485 least one action, though conditions are optional. |
| 1782 | 486 |
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487 An action without parameters ends with a full-stop/period ('.'), and one |
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488 with parameters uses an equals sign ('='): |
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489 |
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490 # An action with no parameters: |
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491 DROP. |
| 1782 | 492 |
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493 # An action with a parameter: |
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494 REPLY=Hello, this is a reply. |
| 1782 | 495 |
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496 ### Route modification |
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497 |
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498 The most common actions modify the stanza's route in some way. Currently |
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499 the first matching rule to do so will halt further processing of actions |
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500 and rules (this may change in the future). |
| 1782 | 501 |
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502 Action Description |
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503 ----------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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504 `PASS.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and let it through this chain and any calling chains. |
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505 `DROP.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and discard it. |
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506 `DEFAULT.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, prevent any other scripts/modules from handling it, to trigger the appropriate default "unhandled stanza" behaviour. Do not use in custom chains (it is treated as PASS). |
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507 `REDIRECT=jid` Redirect the stanza to the given JID. |
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508 `REPLY=text` Reply to the stanza (assumed to be a message) with the given text. |
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509 `BOUNCE.` Bounce the stanza with the default error (usually service-unavailable) |
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510 `BOUNCE=error` Bounce the stanza with the given error (MUST be a defined XMPP stanza error, see [RFC6120](http://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6120.html#stanzas-error-conditions). |
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511 `BOUNCE=error (text)` As above, but include the supplied human-readable text with a description of the error |
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512 `COPY=jid` Make a copy of the stanza and send the copy to the specified JID. The copied stanza flows through Prosody's routing code, and as such is affected by firewall rules. Be careful to avoid loops. |
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513 `FORWARD=jid` Forward a copy of the stanza to the given JID (using XEP-0297). The stanza will be sent from the current host's JID. |
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514 |
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515 **Note:** It is incorrect behaviour to reply to an 'error' stanza with another error, so BOUNCE will simply act the same as 'DROP' for stanzas that should not be bounced (error stanzas and iq results). |
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516 |
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517 ### Stanza modification |
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519 These actions make it possible to modify the content and structure of a |
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520 stanza. |
| 1782 | 521 |
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522 Action Description |
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523 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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524 `STRIP=name` Remove any child elements with the given name in the default namespace |
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525 `STRIP=name namespace` Remove any child elements with the given name and the given namespace |
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526 `INJECT=xml` Inject the given XML into the stanza as a child element |
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528 ### Sessions |
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529 |
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530 It is possible to mark sessions, and then use these marks to match rules later on. |
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531 |
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532 Action Description |
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533 ------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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534 `MARK ORIGIN=mark` Marks the originating session with the given flag. |
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535 `UNMARK ORIGIN=mark` Removes the given mark from the origin session (if it is set). |
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536 |
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537 **Note:** Marks apply to sessions, not JIDs. E.g. if marking in a rule that matches a stanza received |
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538 over s2s, it is the s2s session that is marked. |
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539 |
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540 It is possible to have multiple marks on an origin at any given time. |
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541 |
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542 ### Informational |
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543 |
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544 Action Description |
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545 --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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546 `LOG=message` Logs the given message to Prosody's log file. Optionally prefix it with a log level in square brackets, e.g. `[debug]` |
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547 |
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548 You can include expressions in log messages, using `$(...)` syntax. For example, to log the stanza that matched the rule, you can use $(stanza), |
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549 or to log just the top tag of the stanza, use $(stanza:top_tag()). |
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550 |
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551 Example: |
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552 |
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553 # Log all stanzas to user@example.com: |
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554 TO: user@example.com |
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555 LOG=[debug] User received: $(stanza) |
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556 |
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557 More info about expressions can be found below. |
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558 |
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559 Chains |
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560 ------ |
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561 |
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562 Rules are grouped into "chains", which are injected at particular points in Prosody's routing code. |
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563 |
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564 Available built-in chains are: |
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565 |
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566 Chain Description |
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567 -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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568 deliver Applies to stanzas delivered to local recipients (regardless of the stanza's origin) |
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569 deliver_remote Applies to stanzas delivered to remote recipients (just before they leave the local server) |
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570 preroute Applies to incoming stanzas from local users, before any routing rules are applied |
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571 |
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572 A chain is begun by a line `::name` where 'name' is the name of the chain you want the following rules to be |
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573 inserted into. If no chain is specified, rules are put into the 'deliver' chain. |
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574 |
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575 It is possible to create custom chains (useful with the JUMP_CHAIN action described below). User-created |
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576 chains must begin with "user/", e.g. "user/spam_filtering". |
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577 |
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578 Example of chain use: |
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579 |
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580 # example.com's firewall script |
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581 |
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582 # This line is optional, because 'deliver' is the default chain anyway: |
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583 ::deliver |
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584 |
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585 # This rule matches any stanzas delivered to our local user bob: |
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586 TO: bob@example.com |
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587 DROP. |
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588 |
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589 # Oops! This rule will never match, because alice is not a local user, |
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590 # and only stanzas to local users go through the 'deliver' chain: |
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591 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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592 DROP. |
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593 |
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594 # Create a 'preroute' chain of rules (matched for incoming stanzas from local clients): |
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595 ::preroute |
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596 # These rules are matched for outgoing stanzas from local clients |
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597 |
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598 # This will match any stanzas sent to alice from a local user: |
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599 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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600 DROP. |
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601 |
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602 Action Description |
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603 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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604 `JUMP CHAIN=name` Switches chains, and passes the stanza through the rules in chain 'name'. If the new chain causes the stanza to be dropped/redirected, the current chain halts further processing. |
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605 `RETURN.` Stops executing the current chain and returns to the parent chain. For built-in chains, equivalent to PASS. RETURN is implicit at the end of every chain. |
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606 |
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607 It is possible to jump to chains defined by other scripts and modules. |
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608 |
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609 Expressions |
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610 ----------- |
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611 |
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612 Some conditions and actions in rules support "expressions" in their parameters (their documentation will indicate if this is the case). Most parameters |
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613 are static once the firewall script is loaded and compiled internally, however parameters that allow expressions can be dynamically calculated when a |
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614 rule is being run. |
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615 |
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616 There are two kinds of expression that you can use: stanza expressions, and code expressions. |
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617 |
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618 ### Stanza expressions |
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619 |
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620 Stanza expressions are of the form `$<...>`, where `...` is a stanza path. For syntax of stanza paths, see the documentation for the 'INSPECT' condition |
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621 above. |
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622 |
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623 Example: |
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624 |
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625 LOG=Matched a stanza from $<@from> to $<@to> |
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626 |
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627 There are built in functions which can be applied to the output of a stanza expression, by appending the pipe ('|') operator, followed by the function |
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628 name. These functions are: |
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629 |
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630 Function Description |
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631 ------------ --------------------------------------- |
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632 bare Given a JID, strip any resource |
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633 node Return the node ('user part') of a JID |
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634 host Return the host ('domain') part of a JID |
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635 resource Return the resource part of a JID |
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636 |
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637 For example, to apply a rate limit to stanzas per sender domain: |
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638 |
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639 LIMIT normal on $<@from|domain> |
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640 |
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641 If the path does not match (e.g. the element isn't found, or the attribute doesn't exist) or any of the functions fail to produce an output (e.g. an invalid |
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642 JID was passed to a function that only handles valid JIDs) the expression will return the text `<undefined>`. You can override this by ending the expression |
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643 with a double pipe ('||') followed by a quoted string to use as a default instead. E.g. to default to the string "normal" when there is no 'type' attribute: |
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644 |
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645 LOG=Stanza type is $<@type||"normal"> |
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646 |
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647 ### Code expressions |
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648 |
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649 Code expressions use `$(...)` syntax. Code expressions are powerful, and allow unconstrained access to Prosody's internal environment. Therefore |
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650 code expressions are typically for advanced use-cases only. You may want to refer to Prosody's [developer documentation](https://prosody.im/doc/developers) |
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651 for more information. In particular, within code expressions you may access the 'session' object, which is the session object of the origin of the stanza, |
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652 and the 'stanza' object, which is the stanza being considered within the current rule. Whatever value the expression returns will be converted to a string. |
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653 |
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654 Example to limit stanzas per session type: |
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655 |
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656 LIMIT: normal on $(session.type) |
